C17 · Textile
Stainless Steel Plates for the Textile Industry: 316L/304 Selection and a 7-Part List
In the textile industry, we have organized 7 parts using stainless steel: commonly used 316L / 304 / 321, thickness 1–400 mm.
Seven-Part List and Material Options
| Part / Component | Recommended Grade | Size / Thickness | Surface Finish | Main Failure Modes | Reference Standards |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| J-type high-temperature high-speed dyeing machine cylinder | 316L/304/321 | Wall thickness approx. 4 mm | 2B/anodizing and passivation | Chloride CSC: Cl⁻ present in the dye liquor, at 140℃ the austenitic CSC critical temperature is far exceeded from about 60℃; cracks initiate from welds/flanges/HAZ | GB/T 3280; GB/T 150; GB/T 4334 |
| Cylinder heat exchanger tube bundle/welds | 316L | Tube wall thickness 1.0–2.0 mm | Pickling/polishing | Condensate Cl⁻ enrichment + residual welding stress → CSC at welds | GB/T 151; GB/T 4334 |
| Guide roller (core shaft/roller surface) | 304/316L | Roller surface φ100–400 mm; wall thickness 2–6 mm | Mirror polish/hard chrome | Dyeing agents/anti-corrosion; a 120-hour stainless steel salt spray test is the common acceptance line | GB/T 3280; FZ/T 90001 series |
| Bleaching tank/alkali solution tank of bleaching machine | 316L | 0–6.0 mm | 2B/pickling | Chlorinated bleaching + high-pH stress corrosion | GB/T 3280 |
| Dyeing tanks/pipes | 316L/904L | 0–6.0 mm | 2B/pickling | Sulfuric acid/sodium thiocyanate + high temperature + Cl⁻ | GB/T 3280; ASTM A240 |
| Spin box/metering pumps | 316L | Forged parts/plate 5–30 mm | Machined surface/turned polish | High-temperature polymer degradation + corrosion | GB/T 3280; GB/T 1220 |
| Moisture needle/fabric mesh | 304/316L | 1.0–3.0 mm | 2B/perforation | High-pressure water washing + fiber abrasion + corrosion | GB/T 3280 |
Material SelectionSpecify Operating ConditionsMaterial Selection
Consider Application Characteristics
- What are the most common grades in this industry? (316L, 304, 321)
- Common corrosion sources: pitting and crevice corrosion (5/7 cases).
- Welded components should pay attention to sensitization and chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking (3/7 cases).
- Thickness range 1–400 mm: thin plates are mainly formed parts (consider bending springback and deep-drawing cracks), thick plates are mainly welded structures (consider heat input and sensitization).
Frequently Asked Questions
Which stainless steel is most commonly used in the textile industry?
Based on this set of 7 components, the most common grade is 316L (7 times), followed by 304 (3 times) and 321 (1 time). Selection for a specific part still depends on the environment and temperature; for example, stainless steel table tops in contact with brine should be switched from 304 to 316L.
Which component type is most prone to failure?
Failure characteristics, typically the "J-type high-temperature high-speed dyeing machine cylinder": Chloride SCC: the dye liquor contains Cl⁻, which at 140°C far exceeds the austenitic SCC critical temperature of about 60°C; cracks initiate from weld seams/flanges/HAZ; recommended grades 316L/304/321, wall thickness approx. 4 mm. Such conditions require specifying the medium concentration, temperature and cleaning method at the design stage.
What thickness should I choose?
The thickness range in the list is 1–400 mm. For thin plates, consider bending and surface treatment; for thick plates, consider welding and structural strength. Values may vary by equipment manufacturer for the same location. Recheck with your drawings or operating conditions.
Related Materials and Adjacent Industries
Applications7
Thickness1–400mm
Grades400/316L